Jodi a, atletik tras se espò ki pi popilè, ki se pran pi plis ak plis momantòm chak jou, kòm paran yo voye atlèt jenn yo nan espò a. Men, tankou nan tout espò, gen yon lis sèten kategori pou chak disiplin espò.
Atletik klas, estanda kouri
Anvan anbakman sou fòmasyon ranfòse, ou bezwen familyarize w ak premye seri règ ak règleman yo, epi chèche konnen tou ki endikatè espesyal ki egziste nan disiplin espò sa a. Sa a se sa ki atik jodi a pral sou, kite la kòmanse.
Istwa
Atletik se yon espò Olympic ki dat tounen nan ansyen Grès, sètadi chemen li yo, kòm yon espò separe, te kòmanse nan 776 BC. Oke, nan mond lan modèn la pou premye fwa disiplin sa a raple nan tèt li tounen nan 1789 ak jodi a li se youn nan disiplin yo ki pi venere Olympic.
Otorite regilasyon
Kò yo ki gouvène espò sa yo ak kontwole aktivite li yo gen ladan yo:
- Asosyasyon Atletik Ewopeyen an.
- Atletik Asosyasyon nan Etazini yo nan Amerik la.
- Tout-Ris Asosyasyon nan Atletik.
Estanda egzeyat pou gason
Konsidere ki estanda yo dwe pase pou gason.
Kouri
| Distans (mèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,1 | 6,3 | 6,6 | 7,0 | 7,4 | 8,0 |
| 60 | — | — | 6,8 | 7,1 | 7,4 | 7,8 | 8,2 | 8,7 | 9,3 |
| 100 | — | — | 10,7 | 11,2 | 11,8 | 12,7 | 13,4 | 14,2 | 15,2 |
| 200 | — | — | 22,0 | 23,0 | 24,2 | 25,6 | 28,0 | 30,5 | 34,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 34,5 | 37,0 | 40,0 | 43,0 | 47,0 | 53,0 | 59,0 |
| 400 | — | — | 49,5 | 52,0 | 56,0 | 1:00,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:15,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:22,0 | 1:27,0 | 1:33,0 | 1:40,0 | 1:46,0 | 1:54,0 | 2:05,0 |
| 800 | — | 1:49,0 | 1:53,5 | 1:59,0 | 2:10,0 | 2:20,0 | 2:30,0 | 2:40,0 | 2:50,0 |
| 1000 | 2:18,0 | 2:21,0 | 2:28,0 | 2:36,0 | 2:48,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:35,0 | 4:00,0 |
| 1500 | 3:38,0 | 3:46,0 | 3:54,5 | 4:07,5 | 4:25,0 | 4:45,0 | 5:10,0 | 5:30,0 | 6:10,0 |
| 1600 | 3:56,0 | 4:03,5 | 4:15,0 | 4:30,0 | 4:47,0 | 5:08,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 7:52,0 | 8:05,0 | 8:30,0 | 9:00,0 | 9:40,0 | 10:20,0 | 11:00,0 | 12:00,0 | 13:20,0 |
| 5000 | 13:27,0 | 14:00,0 | 14:40,0 | 15:30,0 | 16:35,0 | 17:45,0 | 19:00,0 | 20:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 28:10,0 | 29:25,0 | 30:35,0 | 32:30,0 | 34:40,0 | 38:00,0 | — | — | — |
Highway kouri
| Distans (kilomèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III |
| 21.0975km (mwatye maraton) | 1:02:30 | 1:05:30 | 1:08:30 | 1:11:30 | 1:15:00 | 1:21:00 |
| 15k | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42,195 | 2:13:00 | 2:20:00 | 2:28:00 | 2:37:00 | 2:50:00 | fini distans la |
| Ras chak jou 24 èdtan | 250 | 240 | 220 | 190 | — | — |
| 100km | 6:40:00 | 6:55:00 | 7:20:00 | 7:50:00 | fini distans la | — |
Kwa
| Distans (kilomèt) | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 1 | 2:38 | 2:50 | 3:02 | 3:17 | 3:37 | 4:02 |
| 2 | 5:45 | 6:10 | 6:35 | 7:00 | 7:40 | 8:30 |
| 3 | 9:05 | 9:45 | 10:25 | 11:05 | 12:05 | 13:25 |
| 5 | 15:40 | 16:45 | 18:00 | 19:10 | 20:40 | — |
| 8 | 25:50 | 27:30 | 29:40 | 31:20 | — | — |
| 10 | 32:50 | 35:50 | 38:20 | — | — | — |
| 12 | 40:00 | 43:00 | 47:00 | — | — | — |
Espò mache
| Distans (mèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 12:45 | 13:40 | 14:50 | 16:00 | 17:00 | 18:00 | 19:00 |
| 5000 | — | — | 21:40 | 22:50 | 24:40 | 27:30 | 29:00 | 31:00 | 33:00 |
| 20000 | 1:21:30 | 1:29:00 | 1:35:00 | 1:41:00 | 1:50:00 | 2:03:00 | — | — | — |
| 35000 | 2:33:00 | 2:41:00 | 2:51:00 | 3:05:00 | Li nesesè fini | — | — | — | — |
| 50000 | 3:50:00 | 4:20:00 | 4:45:00 | 5:15:00 | Li nesesè fini | — | — | — | — |
Se konsa, isit la nou te egzamine endikatè prensipal yo pou gason nan disiplin sa a. Oke, kounye a li vo k ap deplase sou estanda yo nan fè sèks ki jis, paske, menm jan ou konnen nan atletik, yo okipe pozisyon dirijan.
Estanda egzeyat pou fanm yo
Konsidere ki estanda fanm yo bezwen pase.
Kouri
| Distans (mèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 50 | — | — | — | 6,9 | 7,3 | 7,7 | 8,2 | 8,6 | 9,3 |
| 60 | — | — | 7,6 | 8,0 | 8,4 | 8,9 | 9,4 | 9,9 | 10,5 |
| 100 | — | — | 12,3 | 13,0 | 13,8 | 14,8 | 15,8 | 17,0 | 18,0 |
| 200 | — | — | 25,3 | 26,8 | 28,5 | 31,0 | 33,0 | 35,0 | 37,0 |
| 300 | — | — | 40,0 | 42,0 | 45,0 | 49,0 | 53,0 | 57,0 | — |
| 400 | — | — | 57,0 | 1:01,0 | 1:05,0 | 1:10,0 | 1:16,0 | 1:22,0 | 1:28,0 |
| 600 | — | — | 1:36,0 | 1:42,0 | 1:49,0 | 1:57,0 | 2:04,0 | 2:13,0 | 2:25,0 |
| 800 | — | 2:05,0 | 2:14,0 | 2:24,0 | 2:34,0 | 2:45,0 | 3:00,0 | 3:15,0 | 3:30,0 |
| 1000 | 2:36,5 | 2:44,0 | 2:54,0 | 3:05,0 | 3:20,0 | 3:40,0 | 4:00,0 | 4:20,0 | 4:45,0 |
| 1500 | 4:05,5 | 4:17,0 | 4:35,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:40,0 | 6:05,0 | 6:25,0 | 7:10,0 |
| 1600 | 4:24,0 | 4:36,0 | 4:55,0 | 5:15,0 | 5:37,0 | 6:03,0 | — | — | — |
| 3000 | 8:52,0 | 9:15,0 | 9:54,0 | 10:40,0 | 11:30,0 | 12:30,0 | 13:30,0 | 14:30,0 | 16:00,0 |
| 5000 | 15:20,0 | 16:10,0 | 17:00,0 | 18:10,0 | 19:40,0 | 21:20,0 | 23:00,0 | 24:30,0 | — |
| 10000 | 32:00,0 | 34:00,0 | 35:50,0 | 38:20,0 | 41:30,0 | 45:00,0 | — | — | — |
Highway kouri
| Distans (kilomèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III |
| 21.0975km (mwatye maraton) | 1:13:00 | 1:17:00 | 1:21:00 | 1:26:00 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 |
| 15 | — | — | 47:00 | 49:00 | 51:30 | 56:00 |
| 42.195 (maraton) | 2:32:00 | 2:45:00 | 3:00:00 | 3:15:00 | 3:30:00 | Li nesesè fini |
| Ras chak jou 24 èdtan | 210 | 200 | 160 | 10 | — | — |
| 100km | 7:55:00 | 8:20:00 | 9:05:00 | 9:40:00 | fini distans la | — |
Kwa
| Distans (kilomèt) | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 1 | 3:07 | 3:22 | 3:42 | 4:02 | 4:22 | 4:42 |
| 2 | 6:54 | 7:32 | 8:08 | 8:48 | 9:28 | 10:10 |
| 3 | 10:35 | 11:35 | 12:35 | 13:35 | 14:35 | 16:05 |
| 5 | 14:28 | 15:44 | 17:00 | 18:16 | 19:40 | — |
| 6 | 22:30 | 24:00 | 26:00 |
Espò mache
| Distans (mèt) | MSMK | MC | CCM | Mwen | II | III | Mwen (th) | II (th) | III (th) |
| 3000 | — | — | 14:20 | 15:20 | 16:30 | 17:50 | 19:00 | 20:30 | 22:00 |
| 5000 | — | 23:00 | 24:30 | 26:00 | 28:00 | 30:30 | 33:00 | 35:30 | 38:00 |
| 10000 | 46:30 | 48:30 | 51:30 | 55:00 | 59:00 | 1:03:00 | 1:08:00 | — | — |
| 20000 | 1:33:00 | 1:42:00 | 1:47:00 | 1:55:00 | 2:05:00 | Li nesesè fini | — | — | — |
Kòm ou ka wè, fanm gen yon ti jan senplifye estanda pase gason. Li ta dwe tou te note ke dapre estatistik, pi souvan li se fanm ki resevwa tit la nan mèt nan espò.
Estanda pou Olympiad, Mondyal ak chanpyona Ewopeyen an
Natirèlman, pou chak atlèt ki respekte tèt li, olenpik yo, e menm plis konsa chanpyona Mondyal ak Ewopeyen an, se yon pwen vire nan karyè espò li e li nesesè pou prepare pou li byen epi davans.
Men, reyalite yo nan konpetisyon sa yo, se tankou ke estanda yo egzak yo jwenn soti sèlman nan jou a nan kenbe yo ak nan avanse, pa yon patisipan sèl konnen sou sa ki espò endikatè li te akonpli. Se konsa, chanpyon nan lavni ka sèlman tren dapre done estanda ak kwè nan viktwa li nan olenpik yo ak lòt konpetisyon!
Kòm ou ka wè, li nesesè nan tren ak touche estanda nan atletik pou anpil ane, gras a fòmasyon long ak epwizan, ki finalman devlope andirans, pasyans ak, natirèlman, pèseverans nan yon atlèt, ki pral vini an sou la men nan prepare pou konpetisyon nan lavni.
Epitou, lè y ap pratike atletik, jenn gason ak tifi, menm jan pratik montre, jwenn pa sèlman ekstèn, men tou entèn konfyans. Pwobableman, li se jisteman sa a reyalite ki detèmine popilarite a segondè nan sa a ki kalite espò, epi li se byen posib yo ka resevwa yon kategori nan atletik, men bagay la prensipal se gen yon dezi ak objektif.
